Кому интересно, может почитать вот эти выдержки из правил полиции Нью Йорка:
GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF FIREARMS
To this end, the Department promulgates
nine rules that guide a New York City police
officer in his or her use of deadly physical
force. They are as follows:
Police officers shall not use deadly physical
force against another person unless they
have probable cause to believe they must
protect themselves or another person present
from imminent death or serious physical
injury.
Police officers shall not discharge their
weapons when doing so will unnecessarily
endanger innocent persons.
Police officers shall not discharge their
weapons in defense of property.
Police officers shall not discharge their
weapons to subdue a fleeing felon who presents
no threat of imminent death or serious
physical injury to themselves or another person
present.
Police officers shall not fire warning shots.
Police officers shall not discharge their firearms
to summon assistance except in emergency
situations when someone’s personal
safety is endangered and unless no other
reasonable means is available.
Police officers shall not discharge their firearms
at or from a moving vehicle unless
deadly physical force is being used against
the police officer or another person present,
by means other than a moving vehicle.
Police officers shall not discharge their firearms
at a dog or other animal except to protect
themselves or another person from
physical injury and there is no other reasonable
means to eliminate the threat.
Police officers shall not, under any circumstances,
cock a firearm. Firearms must be
fired double action at all times.
REASONABLENESS
In the final telling, both legal standards and
the Department’s expectations assess the
appropriateness of an officer’s exercise of
deadly physical force based on reasonableness.
Police are regularly exposed to highly
stressful, dangerous situations, and the risks
they face and the experience they gain are
appreciated and conceded by those who
write and interpret the law. In Brown v.
United States, 256 U.S. 335 (1921), Justice
Holmes noted that “detached reflection cannot
be demanded in the presence of an uplifted
knife.” Sixty‐eight years later, the Supreme
Court wrote, in Graham v. Connor,
that “The ‘reasonableness’ of a particular
use of force must be judged from the perspective
of a reasonable officer on the
scene, rather than with the 20/20 vision of
hindsight.” And in People v. Benjamin, 51
2009 ANNUAL FIREARMS DISCHARGE REPORT
USE OF FORCE
xi
NY2d 267, 271, the New York courts wrote
“It would, indeed, be absurd to suggest that
a police officer has to await the glint of steel
before he can act to preserve his safety.”
These rulings explicitly acknowledge the
strain under which officers make life‐ordeath
use‐of‐force decisions. The law should
and does provide latitude for those who
carry the shield and protect the common
good.
В другом месте там написано что полицейский не обязан идти по цепочке эскалации, скажем от слов к газу, к тейзеру, дубинке и пистолету, а имеет право, в зависимости от обстоятельств, применять то оружие которо считает необходимым, например переходить от слов к пистолету.
Вот полный текст документа:
http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/ … 101101.pdf